Given the broad scientific instrumentation aboard and the peculiarities of every orbit, specific observational campaigns will be devoted to particular scientific objectives in the course of the mission. The Solar Orbiter mission, to be launched in July 2017, will carry a suite of remote sensing and in-situ instruments, including the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager (PHI). The in-situ instruments will operate continuously while remote-sensing observations will be carried out every orbit around closest approaches and at the minimum and maximum heliographic latitudes. The scienctific payload of Solar Orbiter comprises both remote-sensing and in-situ instruments. NASAs Parker Solar Probe accomplished a milestone on June 27, 2023its 16th orbit of the sun. How does the solar dynamo work and drive connections between the Sun and the heliosphere?Ī detailed compilation of the different scienctific topics Solar Orbiter will address can be found in the Science Activity Plan (SAP) 26 April 2023 The smallest coronal transient extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) brightening events that were observed so far, so-called campfires, were discovered in 2021 using data from the High Resolution Extreme Ultraviolet telescope, which is part of the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager on board the ESA and NASA Solar Orbiter mission.How do solar eruptions produce energetic particle radiation that fills the heliosphere?.How do solar transients drive heliospheric variability?.
What drives the solar wind and where does the coronal magnetic field originate from?.This means that many more active regions will be used in the future to calibrate the helioseismic far-side maps, and study the emergence and evolution of. Since the Sun and presumably the heliosphere are typical of many small stars and their stellar spheres, these studies are not only relevant to astrophysics, but are unique since the Sun alone is close enough for detailed study.Īddressing these topics entails answering the following specific questions: Solar Orbiter has entered its nominal mission phase, and the SO/PHI synoptic program will provide magnetograms of the Sun from various vantage points with a cadence of multiple images per day. Understanding the interplay between the complex physical processes at work in this system is the central goal of heliophysics. In order to achieve this goal, Solar Orbiter has been specifically designed to identify the origins and causes of the solar wind, the heliospheric magnetic field, solar energetic particles, transient interplanetary disturbances, and the Sun's magnetic field. The mission aims to understand how the Sun creates and controls the heliosphere.
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